Family: Poaceae ⁄ Gramineae – Grass family Genus: Lolium L. – ryegrass Species: Lolium perenne L. – perennial ryegrass Subspecies: Lolium perenne L. ssp. Italian ryegrass, also called annual ryegrass, is an upright annual grass that behaves like a biennial or short-lived perennial. is an accepted name This name is the accepted name of a species in the genus Lolium (family Poaceae ). Herbicides, as well as plant growth regulators, can be used as a management option for ryegrass seed production, however there is no consensus among authors at which stage of … Binomial name; Festuca perennis. In South Korea IRG is a common grass for the production of silage because of it possesses the high nutritive values and fast growing nature under this cli-mate. Lolium is native to Europe, Asia and northern Africa, as well as being cultivated and naturalized in Australia, the Americas, and various oceanic islands. The record derives from WCSP (data supplied on 2012-03-23 ) which reports it as an accepted name (record 422833 ) with original publication details: Fl. (Lamarck) 3: 621 (1779). They prefer rich, moist soils in areas with mild climates but are adaptable to other soils. The leaves are dark green, smooth and glossy on the lower surface, with untoothed parallel sides and prominent parallel veins on the upper surface. Tennis courts, including those at the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club, the venue for Wimbledon, are planted with ryegrass. Synonyms. It grows vigorously in winter and early spring. Both surfaces of the leaves are bright, glossy, and smooth. Species Plantarum 1: 83, https://grdc.com.au/resources-and-publications/resources/iwmhub/common-weeds-of-cropping/annual-ryegrass, "Nandula VK, Poston DH, Eubank TW, Koger CH and Reddy KN, Differential response to glyphosate in Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) populations from Mississippi. N.C. The primary species found worldwide and used both for lawns and as a forage crop is perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne). latifolium Maire [family POACEAE] Lolium multiflorum Grass family (Poaceae) Description: This grass is usually an annual, although sometimes it is a biennial or short-lived perennial. var. It can become invasive in temperate climates in agricultural areas and in native habitats. Family: Poaceae: Subfamily: Pooideae: Genus: Festuca: Species: F. perennis. family Poaceae. Introduced in Europe generally, Russian Far East, Indian peninsula, China, Japan, Korea, Malesia, South Africa, America generally, New Guinea, Australia, New Zealand ... Family Poaceae ( 1GRAF ) Subfamily Poöideae ( 1POOS ) Genus Lolium ( 1LOLG ) Species Lolium … High competitiveness, adaptability, widespread resistance to herbicides and seed dormancy make the plant a permanent problem. Italian ryegrass and a related species, perennial ryegrass, Lolium perenne, are the two most common weedy ryegrasses in California. Annual ryegrass (L. rigidum) is one of the most serious and costly weeds of cropping systems in southern Australia, and herbicide resistance is a frequent problem. In this context, Italian rye grass (Lolium multiflorum) pollen of the Poaceae family cultivated in Southern Brazil has been considered a major sensitizing agent in patients with pollinosis. Accepted: WCSP: Lolium perenne L. Accepted: WCSP: Lolium persicum Boiss. - 0 ft. 6 in. & Durieu Lolium multiflorum hybridizes with Festuca pratensis to form the hybrid ×Festulolium braunii (K. Richter) A. Camus. [12] Ryegrass pollen is also one of the major causes of hay fever. Lolium is a genus of tufted grasses in the bluegrass subfamily of the grass family. (All ryegrasses yield less on light soils, especially in low rainfall areas.) The nutritional quality of IRG varied with other Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day), Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours), 4a, 4b, 5b, 5a, 6b, 6a, 7b, 7a, 8a, 8b, 9b, 9a. [13][14] Victoria. is the main winter weed of crops in Southern Brazil. Italian Ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) Ref: IRTET. The species is hermaphrodite (has both male and female organs) and is pollinated by Wind. since it belongs to the same botanical family [1]. Lolium perenne var. Lolium grandispi-cum Y. J. Fei (Guihaia 19: 205. The leaves are folded lengthwise in bud (unlike the rolled leaves of Italian ryegrass, Lolium multiflorum) with a strong central keel, giving a flattened appearance. High competitiveness, adaptability, widespread resistance to herbicides and seed dormancy make the plant a permanent problem. Family: Poaceae Genus: Lolium Species: Lolium perenne; Notes on Taxonomy and Nomenclature Top of page. Ryegrasses are naturally diploid, with 2n=14, and are closely related to the fescues (Festuca).[5][6][7][8]. Ryegrass should not be confused with rye, which is a grain crop. is the main winter weed of crops in Southern Brazil. Lolium perenne var. Franç. Husnot. [family POACEAE] Type of Lolium multiflorum Lamk var. & Hohen. [10][11], Some species, particularly L. temulentum, are weeds which can have a severe impact on the production of wheat and other crops. multiflorum (Lam.) Lolium multiflorum Lam. multiflorum (Lam.) It grows 2 to 3 feet tall with numerous long, narrow, stiff leaves near the base of the plant. 1753. Blooming can occur spring to fall. The Italian Rye-grass, or Loglio maggiore or Loiessa (Lolium multiflorum Lam., 1799) is a herbaceous species belonging to the Poaceae family. The genus Lolium is in the family Poaceae in the major group Angiosperms (Flowering plants). It is found in all areas of NC. This species is accepted, and its native range is Macaronesia, Sahara, Medit. [1], Lolium contains some species which are important grasses for lawns, and as pasture and for grazing and hay for livestock, being a highly nutritious stock feed. Weed Tech 21: 477–482 (2006).doi 10.1614/WT-06-168.1", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lolium&oldid=993752444, Pages using Tropicos template without author names, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 12 December 2020, at 08:26. Leaves are rough to touch on top side with a glossy underside, veins are prominent with smooth margins. (Lamarck) 3: 621 (1779). [3][4] It is often called ryegrass, but this term is sometimes used to refer to grasses in other genera. It is in flower from May to September. multiflorum) is a monocot weed in the Poaceae family. multiflorum, L ... L. perenne freely crosses with Lolium multiflorum (Italian ryegrass), producing fertile hybrids (L. x hybridum) with intermediate characteristics. It is hardy to zone (UK) 5 and is not frost tender. Lolium ×hybridum Hausskn. Description (diagnostics are in brown). family Poaceae genus Lolium species Lolium multiflorum Name Synonyms Lolium ambiguum Desp. It is found throughout California to about 3300 feet (1000 m), except in deserts and the Great Basin and inhabits agricultural land and other disturbed places. This clump forming grass spreads by seed and has a fibrous root system. Several former Lolium species now regarded as part of other genera: Castellia, Enteropogon, × Festulolium, Hainardia, Lepturus, Melica, and Vulpia. Lolium multiflorum and L. perenne are interfertile and intergrade. multiflorum (Lam.) multiflorum ← → Other Common Names: annual ryegrass ... Lolium multiflorum . Disclaimer: ITIS taxonomy is based on the latest scientific consensus available, and is provided as a general reference source for interested parties. There is a large range of cultivars. Identifying Characteristics. Research has shown that these particular biotypes are … Contact us about this record. Lolium compositum Thuill. Spikelets solitary, sessile, consisting of (5)10–22 fertile florets … Systematics – From the systematic point of view it belongs to the Eukaryota Domain, United Plantae, Magnoliophyta Division, Liliopsida Class, Cyperales Order, Poaceae Family and therefore to the Genus Lolium and the L. multiflorum Species. Uses. It has a very open growth habit with fewer tillers than other grasses. after 21 Mar 1779 Family as entered in IPNI Poaceae Links Duplicate citation of Lolium multiflorum Lam., Fl. Coss. Each fertile floret is replaced by an elongated grain. Width: 0 ft. 8 in. Italian Ryegrass (Lolium perenne ssp. It is genetically diverse and displays a high degree of phenotypic plasticity and these characteristics mean that is highly adaptable. NC State University and N.C. A&T State University work in tandem, along with federal, state and local governments, to Whole Plant Traits: Plant Type: Annual Turfgrass Weed Woody Plant Leaf Characteristics: Deciduous Habit/Form: Clumping Growth Rate: Rapid Lolium multiflorum, a European species, now grows in most of the Flora region. They are characterized by bunch-like growth habits. It is the principal grazing grass in New Zealand where some 10 million kilograms of certified seed are produced every year. Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) is regarded as a potential threat to one of more vegetation communities in Victoria, where it is a common weed of plains riparian shrubby woodlands in the Wimmera bioregion and floodplain riparian woodlands in the Northern Inland Slopes bioregion in this state. Pertinent Synonyms & Notes (particularly those used in California; go to GRIN for other synonyms). Lolium multiflorum Lam. Holotype of Lolium multiflorum Lam. Dimensions: Height: 0 ft. 2 in. multiflorum (Lam.) Competition reduces seed production and quality in the infested crop. Cooperative Extension prohibits discrimination and harassment on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, sex (including pregnancy), disability, religion, sexual orientation, gender identity, and veteran status. Mediterranean, Caucasus, Siberia, Western Asia, Central Asia, Sahel. floret. excelsum Griseb. They do not survive harsh winters or hot dry summers. Pertinent Common Names (particularly those used in California; go to GRIN for other common names). to Central Asia and Himalaya. !Poaceae Barnhart; genus: Lolium L. Other names for this basionym: Lolium perenne subsp. Italian ryegrass. 1999), described from Hubei (Jingzhou) is probably based on a specimen of this hybrid. The liguleis very short and truncated and often difficult to see, and small white auricles grip the stem at the base of the l… Leaves. Italian ryegrass and perennial ryegrass can hybridize, result… Herbicides, as well as plant … Cooperative Extension, which staffs local offices in all 100 counties and with the Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians. species Lolium multiflorum Lam. Preferred name: Lolium multiflorum ; Authority: Lamarck ; Notes. Glyphosate-resistant Lolium has been reported from Mississippi in 2006. The presence of ryegrass in ... Ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) The two species differ primarily in their … This species was formerly known as Lolium multiflorum. Hybrid Parent × Schedolium krasanii H.Scholz, Kochia 2: 51 (-52) (2007). Ryegrasses are also used in soil erosion control programs. Like many cool-season grasses of the Poaceae, it harbors a symbiotic fungal endophyte, either Epichloë or its close relative Neotyphodium, both of which are members of the fungal family Clavicipitaceae. Wide collar … Read our Commitment to Diversity | Read our Privacy Statement. This is a short lived grass lasting for two years. A 6-10 inch flowering spike forms with alternate spikelets. Family Poaceae Scientific Name Lolium perenne ssp. Lolium perenne L. ssp. This species can be found in the following regions of the western United States (according to the Bureau of Land Management classification of Physiographic Regions of the western United States): 1 Northern Pacific Border 2 Cascade Mountains 3 Southern Pacific Border 2-3 feet long narrow shiny green leaves are sharp-pointed, with a bright green, dull upper surface, deeply ridged, lower surface smooth, glossy and slightly creased, with smooth edges. Lolium temulentum: glume mostly 7–28 mm long, the body 0.75–1.5 times as tall as the column of florets, plants annual, with 2- to 10-flowered (vs. L. multiflorum, with the glume 3.5–15 mm long, the body 0.25–0.75 times as tall as the column of florets, and plants annual or perennial, with mostly 5- to 22-flowered spikelets). Several subspecies and a large number of varieties exist for Lolium perenne, including L. perenne subsp. Date of Publication 1778 publ. While every effort has been made to provide the most reliable and up-to-date information available, ultimate legal requirements with respect to species are contained in provisions … Higher taxa. Franç. Lolium aristatum Lag. It is used to treat unspecified medicinal disorders, as a medicine and has environmental uses. Accepted: WCSP: Lolium multiflorum Lam. The type ( Y. J. Fei 98088, HBAC) has not been seen. It consists of a flowering culm with alternate leaves about 1-3' tall. Lolium multiflorum Lam. It is planted as a cover crop, as a temporary lawn grass, for roadside restoration, and for soil or forage enrichment; it often escapes from cultivation, becoming established in disturbed sites. Accepted: WCSP: Lolium remotum … multiflorum . It is used as a cover crop, for silage or as an ornamental. - 0 ft. 10 in. Group K3/15 herbicides are known as Long chain fatty acid inhibitors (Inhibition of cell division (Inhibition of very long chain fatty acids)). Ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) Habit. Primary Disseminule Type. [15], World Checklist of Selected Plant Families, "Horticulture Hotline: To rye or not to rye - it's that lawn season again", Linnaeus, Carl von. L. multiflorum is a highly competitive and rapidly growing plant, capable of producing large quantities of seed. Lam. The plant is a low-growing, tufted, hairless grass, with a bunching (or tillering) growth habit. The culm is pale green, terete, glabrous, and unbranched. Statistics are at the end of the page. Lolium multiflorum (Italian Rye-grass IRG - poaceae family) is an herbaceous annual, perennial grass is being cultivated in South Korea for production of silage for an-imals. However, it is not a legal authority for statutory or regulatory purposes. Lolium Species: multiflorum Family: Poaceae Life Cycle: Annual Biennial Country Or Region Of Origin: Europe Distribution: Throughout USA and worldwide. Accepted: TRO: Lolium × hubbardii B.K.Simon: Accepted: WCSP: Lolium × hybridum Hausskn. In the United States, Festuca perennis is sometimes used as a winter cover crop to prevent erosion, build soil structure and … Lolium multiflorum is a BIENNIAL growing to 0.3 m (1ft). In this region, Italian rye grass is capable of producing a great amount of pollen. Lolium is a genus of tufted grasses in the bluegrass subfamily of the grass family. It is very high yielding and reliably provides up to 18t DM per hectare on soils that suit it. Husn. 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